Also known as: additions
Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
An adverbial phrase introducing an element, requirement, or consequence that exists beyond those already identified in a rule or agreement. The phrase signals an expansion of scope without displacing the original items or duties.
Select any source to read its text and confirm it supports the definition.
Arcadia Retail sued a supplier for defective goods and made its initial Rule 26(a)(1) disclosures. Later, Arcadia decided to call a forensic accountant at trial. Arcadia must disclose the accountant's identity to the supplier because the rule requires identification of any witness who will present evidence under Federal Rule of Evidence 702, 703, or 705 in addition to the initial disclosures.
Adrian Aguilar hired Angela Acosta as his paid real-estate agent. Acosta possessed special knowledge of local zoning variances. Acosta owes Aguilar the standard care of an ordinary agent and, in addition, must exercise the special zoning skill she actually possesses when advising on the purchase.
Andrew Avery created a trust to fund college scholarships for local students. After the local college closed and no replacement purpose remained feasible, the trust terminated because no purpose could be achieved. The termination occurred in addition to any revocation or expiration under the trust's own terms.
Astra Aerospace's bylaws required the company to include shareholder-nominated candidates in its proxy materials for director elections. When the board nominated three directors, the company had to list one or more individuals nominated by a shareholder in addition to the board's nominees.
Alpine Mining contracted to buy specialized drilling equipment from Argonaut Shipping. When Argonaut failed to deliver, Alpine canceled the contract and recovered the price already paid. Alpine could also pursue cover damages or damages for non-delivery in addition to the refund of the prepaid amount.
Amber Alonzo and Ariana Azizi formed a limited partnership. After the partners voted to dissolve, Azizi, a dissociated general partner, secretly signed an improper long-term supply contract. Azizi became liable to the partnership for damages caused by the contract in addition to any preexisting debts she owed the firm.
The phrase signals that the new item or duty stands alongside the original list without replacing it. A buyer who cancels and recovers the price paid may still recover cover damages or non-delivery damages. A dissociated partner who incurs post-dissolution liability remains subject to both partnership debts and the separate indemnity obligation created by the statute.
Yes. The structure requires compliance with every listed duty. A paid agent must meet the ordinary standard of care and must also exercise any special skill the agent possesses. A corporation that includes board nominees in its proxy materials must also include qualifying shareholder nominees.
…establishes and seeks to observe, are all likely to influence and to color one's thinking and conclusions about abortion. In addition, the normal 266-day human gestation period is so short that the pregnancy will come to term before the usual appellate process is complete. If that termination makes a case moot, pregnancy…
…Thus, in his brief to this Court, he states: "The reference to respondent as police commissioner is clear from the ad. In addition, the jury heard the testimony of a newspaper editor . . . ; a real estate and insurance man . . . ; the sales manager of a men's clothing store . . . ; a food equipment man . . . ; a…
…Court decisions addressing same-sex marriage—and most of them, too, have concluded same-sex couples must be allowed to marry. In addition the highest courts of many States have contributed to this ongoing dialogue in decisions interpreting their own State Constitutions. These state and federal judicial opinions are cited in…
…broad province accorded to the so-called "general law" as to which federal courts exercised an independent judgment.[^maj-10] In addition to questions of purely commercial law, "general law" was held to include the obligations under contracts entered into and to be performed within the State,[^maj-11] the extent to which a…
…on top of the Terminal planned under Breuer I. In conclusion, the Commission stated: “[We have] no fixed rule against making additions
Yes. The statute expressly recognizes three additional grounds: revocation or expiration under the trust's own terms, exhaustion of all trust purposes, and impossibility or illegality of the purposes. Any one of these grounds is sufficient to end the trust even if none of the modification or termination procedures in sections 411-414 has been invoked.
The rule requires the identity of any witness who will present evidence under Federal Rules of Evidence 702, 703, or 705 to be disclosed in addition to the initial disclosures required by Rule 26(a)(1). The duty is therefore cumulative. A party cannot avoid the expert disclosure by claiming it has already satisfied the initial-disclosure obligation.