Also known as: U.C.C. · Uniform Commercial Code
Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
A uniform statute governing commercial transactions that has been enacted with variations in every state. It supplies rules for sales of goods, negotiable instruments, secured transactions, and related matters.
Uma Underwood orally promises Ugo Ucelli $500 if Ugo induces a neighbor to sell Blackacre. When the neighbor refuses, Uma withholds payment. The promise falls outside the statute of frauds because the underlying interest is land rather than goods under the UCC.
Union Steel holds a promissory note from Ultimate Solutions that has been lost. Union seeks to foreclose on the home securing the note. Union must satisfy the lost-instrument requirements because it is not in possession of the negotiable instrument governed by the UCC.
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Uri Underwood and Ulric Unger form an oral agreement for the sale of equipment. After Ulric repudiates, Uri sends a signed letter confirming the terms. The letter satisfies the statute of frauds because a memorandum may be created after formation under the UCC.
Universal Motors contracts with Urban Logistics to supply asphalt at a fixed price. When prices spike, Urban claims a trade usage allows price adjustments. The court admits evidence of the usage because the UCC permits course of dealing and trade usage to supplement express terms.
Ulf Ulfsson buys software from ProCD. The box contains a license restricting resale. Ulf resells the software anyway. The license terms are enforceable because the UCC treats additional terms in the box as part of the contract when the buyer has an opportunity to return the goods.
Transatlantic Financing agrees to ship goods around Africa. The Suez Canal closes, forcing a longer route. Transatlantic claims the closure excuses performance. The claim fails because the UCC requires that the contingency render performance commercially impracticable, not merely more expensive.
No. The UCC covers sales of goods in Article 2 but also governs negotiable instruments in Article 3, secured transactions in Article 9, and other commercial matters.
Yes. A signed writing made after formation or even after breach can serve as a sufficient memorandum.
Goods are movable things at the time of identification to the contract. Interests in land fall outside this definition.
The person must prove entitlement to enforce under UCC Section 3-301 and satisfy additional requirements for lost instruments.
…to the public good as to compel an adjudication of its invalidity. See 57 Yale L. J., supra , at pp. 1400-1404; proposed Uniform Commercial Code , 1958 Official Text , § 2-302. The trial court sent the case to the jury against Chrysler on the theory that the evidence would support a finding of breach of an implied warranty of…