Also known as: labor unions · labour union · labour unions · trade union · trade unions · union
Written by attorneys · grounded in primary & secondary sources — see below
An organization of workers formed to negotiate collectively with employers over wages, hours, and working conditions. The organization advances members' interests through bargaining, representation, and advocacy in legal and regulatory proceedings.
Lunar Dynamics employs hundreds of workers represented by a labor union. Congress enacts a tax on certain commercial transactions that applies only to firms in three states. The union files suit arguing the tax violates the uniformity requirement for duties and imposts. The court examines whether the tax falls within Congress's enumerated powers to regulate commerce and collect revenue uniformly.
Legacy Motors faces a labor dispute with its union over plant closures. The union petitions the president to include measures addressing collective bargaining rights in the annual State of the Union address. The president reviews the request while fulfilling the duty to recommend measures judged necessary and expedient for faithful execution of the laws.
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Lexicon Media's labor union files an amicus brief in litigation over same-sex marriage recognition. The union explains how its members' family structures affect workplace benefits and argues that evolving societal understanding supports constitutional protection for the right to marry.
Lone Peak Energy's workers' union challenges a state regulation that prevents mining operations on company land. The union contends the regulation goes too far by destroying the economic value of the property without compensation, invoking limits on government power to restrict private interests.
A labor union representing factory workers sues after Congress enacts a statute creating a federal civil remedy for gender-motivated violence occurring at worksites. The union argues the law exceeds Congress's authority to regulate interstate commerce because the conduct lacks a sufficient connection to economic activity.
Lars Lindstrom, a union officer, coordinates independent expenditures supporting a candidate. The union challenges federal contribution and expenditure ceilings, claiming the restrictions burden protected political speech and association rights of the organization and its members.
A labor union may be an intended beneficiary when a contract manifests an intention to confer rights on the union or its members, such as a promise to pay debts for labor on a project. Incidental benefits alone do not create enforceable rights.
A court may impose sanctions on the attorney or the represented party when counsel signs discovery objections without reasonable inquiry into burden and proportionality. The union itself is not sanctioned for propounding requests unless it shares responsibility for improper conduct.
A party including a labor union has an ongoing duty to supplement or correct prior responses when it learns that information is materially incomplete or incorrect. The duty arises automatically upon learning of new facts and does not require a court order.
…The Constitution does not explicitly mention any right of privacy. In a line of decisions, however, going back as far as Union Pacific R. Co. v. Botsford , 141 U.S. 250 (1891), the Court has recognized that a right of personal privacy, or a guarantee of certain areas or zones of privacy, does exist under the…